Antioxidant properties of Pterospartum tridentatum (L.) Willk and Cymbopogon citratus (Dc) Stapf.: evaluation of synergistic effects in a mixture of these species
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resumo
The World Health Organization estimates that 80% of the world’s population uses medicinal
plants in primary health needs. Pterospartum tridentatum (L.) Willk. (Fabaceae) and
Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. (Poaceae) are examples of such medicinal plants. P.
tridentatum is a small shrub, which can be found in the western part of the Iberian Peninsula
and northern Morocco. Traditionally its flowers can be used to treat pneumonia, colds,
bronchitis and hepatic disease [1]. C. citratus, commonly known as lemon grass, is a tall,
aromatic, perennial densely tufted grass from Southeast Asia. There are many effects that
can be attributed to this species, such as diuretics effects; it can also be used in hepatic
disorders and to treat depression, flatulence and intestinal cramps [2]. The mixture of these
two species opens a new panoply of therapeutic effects that can range from the treatment in
case of stomach pain, cramping and flatulence, diarrhea, vomiting and flu. This is due to the
interaction of these two species. In this study we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of
the single plants and of the mixture of the same plants (infusions and methanolic extracts.
The antioxidant activity was accessed by four in vitro assays: scavenging effects on DPPH
(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching
and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in brain cell homogenates by TBARS (thiobarbituric acid
reactive substances) assay. In general, infusions revealed higher antioxidant activity than
methanolic extracts, being higher for P. tridentatum. With the exception of the β-carotene
bleaching inhibition assay, the mixture of the two plants revealed significant synergistic
effects, allowing higher antioxidant activity. Although the interesting results obtained, the
authors recommend a safe consume of these plant materials, including restricting the dose
and duration of use to minimize the risks of potentially interactions with conventional
medicines. Further studies will be conducted in order to identify the compounds responsible
for the synergisms observed.
